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Antanas KYBARTAS


Antanas Kybartas was born on August 4, 1943 in the village of Stanaičiai, Lithuania. One night in July 1947, Lithuanian nationalist partisans arrived, armed, at the door of the family residence to ask for shelter. A shootout ensued between these partisans and Soviet soldiers.

Following this episode, soldiers interrogated the family, who is accused of helping the partisans. They are deported to Siberia in December 1947. The family was first taken near Yurginskoe, in the Tyumen region, where they lived for two years. They were then relocated to the nearby Verhkamenka forestry operation, where they were allowed to build a family house.

In 1951, NKVD men searched the family house and arrested Antanas' father. Antanas Kybartas later discovered that his father had been the subject of purges related to the North Korean War, which had been conducted in several towns around the Trans-Siberian Railway. He had been imprisoned in Tyumen and shot in 1952.

Antanas and his mother returned to Lithuania in 1958, to their house. Antanas Kybartas perfected his Lithuanian and entered a kolkhoz. He became a Komsomol and later held the position of secretary of this organization in this kolkhoz. In 1963, he finished high school and decided to move to Vilnius to learn computer science at the Technical College of Electromechanics, where he became a teacher before specializing in the energy sector.

In 2009, Antanas Kybartas still lived in Vilnius, where he was a member of the Council of Former Deportees of Lithuania.

The interview with Antanas Kybartas was conducted in 2009 by Jurgita Mačiulytė.

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  • Deportees from the same train car. The smallest is A.A.Kybartas. A shootout between Soviet soldiers and "brothers of the forest" at the Kybartas home

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    A shootout between Soviet soldiers and "brothers of the forest" at the Kybartas home

    Audio available /

    One night, Lithuanian nationalist partisans ("brothers of the forest") knocked on the door of the Kybartas' family home and asked for shelter. A shootout with Soviet soldiers ensued. Following this episode, soldiers interrogated the family, who were accused of having helped the partisans. They were deported to Siberia in December 1947.

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  • List of displaced persons who traveled in the same wagon as the Kybartas family (1948). The journey and the installation in Siberia

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    The journey and the installation in Siberia

    Audio available /

    After a trip in a cattle car and then two years living in the same place, the family was allowed to build a house near the sawmill of Verhkamenka.

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  • Photo of Antanas Kybartas' father from his prison file His father's arrest

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    His father's arrest

    Audio available /

    Antanas Kybartas recounts the arrival of the NKVD to arrest his father in 1951.

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  • Antanas Kybartas in 2009 His father's death

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    His father's death

    Antanas Kybartas explains how long it took him to learn that his father had been shot.

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  • Antanas Kybartas in 2009 His father's death

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    His father's death

    Audio available /

    Antanas Kybartas explains how long it took him to learn that his father had been shot.

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  • Carpentry workers for the railroad. A.A. Kybartas' mother is first on the right. The reasons for his father's arrest

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    The reasons for his father's arrest

    Audio available /

    Antanas Kybartas explains that he only learned the reasons for his father's arrest much later. The latter was a victim of the purges in the localities surrounding the Trans-Siberian Railway related to the North Korean War.

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  • Antanas Kybartas, 11 years old « I was taught to be a good soviet »

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    « I was taught to be a good soviet »

    Audio available / /

    In this excerpt, Antanas Kybartas recounts the education he received in deportation.

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  • Antanas Kybartas with his mother and grandmother in 1955 in the Tyumen region. Growing up in Siberia

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    Growing up in Siberia

    Audio available /

    In this excerpt, Antanas Kybartas talks about his childhood memories in Siberia: nature, other children, languages.

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  • Antanas Kybartas at 11 years old Stalin's death

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    Stalin's death

    Antanas Kybartas recalls the announcement of Stalin's death.

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  • Antanas Kybartas at 11 years old Stalin's death

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    Stalin's death

    Audio available /

    Antanas Kybartas recalls the announcement of Stalin's death.

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  • Loading of wood. First impressions of Lithuania

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    First impressions of Lithuania

    Audio available /

    After 1956, Antanas' mother is able to make a short stay in Lithuania. She brings back an apple, the first fruit Antanas has ever seen.

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  • Antanas Kybartas in 2009 1958: the return to Lithuania

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    1958: the return to Lithuania

    Audio available /

    Antanas Kybartas and his mother return to Lithuania. They join his brother, who had returned from the Vorkuta camp some time earlier. Antanas discovers the Lithuanian landscape on his arrival, and in particular its Khoutors, large isolated farms.

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  • Secretary of the Komsomol in the kolkhoz

    Source: Interview conducted in Lithuania by J. Mačiulytė, 28/10/2009.

    Licence CC BY-NC-ND.

    Secretary of the Komsomol in the kolkhoz

    Audio available /

    In this excerpt, Antanas Kybartas explains how he came to hold the position of secretary of the Komsomol of his kolkhoz and how the stigma he carried as a former deportee influenced his actions.

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