European Memories
of the Gulag
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Rafail Rozental’s testimony
"[...] I remember… When we were taken to Šķirotava station, there were goods trucks people were pushed into. That same evening, they separated the men and women and I can still hear those women weeping. What I remember most from the long journey to Siberia is the smell of the kipiatok, the boiling water they gave us to drink at stations. I remember the soldiers between the trucks. It was summer, it was warm and the journey was fairly comfortable. True, we were being deported, but my mother was with me and my father, well, he had already been taken away."